How does the fiber industry revolution in developed countries and Germany develop?

At present, developed countries focus on three aspects of textile technology research: first, the research and development and application of new materials , and second, the use of new technologies to redevelop old materials (new functions), re-application (new uses), and third, through New ideas to recreate the new value of old materials. Their research models include: multi/interdisciplinary cross-disciplinary research is the core, multi/cross-domain technology cross-use is the main approach, and multi/inter-domain joint research and development is a major trend.

1

American Smart Textile Program

At the technical research level, the United States has obvious advantages in high-performance fibers such as carbon fiber and aramid and its composite materials , bio-based fiber materials, carpets, nonwovens and other industrial textiles . They pay special attention to information technology and management information systems.

At the strategic level, state organizations, universities, and large enterprises are the main core technology supply and industrialization entities of the industry. The National Strategy will promote technology integration. In April 2016, the White House established the eighth NNMI project (National Manufacturing Innovation Network Program): Revolutionary Fiber and Textile Innovation Manufacturing Center, under the guidance of the NNMI project framework, upgraded traditional textiles to A new, integrated and networked next-generation textile. AFFOA (Advanced Functional Fabrics of America) became the winning bidder, led by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, in cooperation with the US Department of Defense, with 52 companies and non-profit organizations, 32 universities, 5 state and local government departments, Representatives from 28 states participated in its operations, including major companies such as DuPont, Corning, and Intel, and leading universities such as Cornell. Textiles clearly have the most profound military color, as well as a deep background in materials, electronics and the Internet.

2

Germany's future textile project

The German textile industry is a model for Industry 4.0 to promote the upgrading of traditional industries. Its current three major objectives are: improving resource utilization and promoting circular economy; creating a customer-centric flexible value chain, emphasizing digital manufacturing processes, mass customization, and new The business model, etc.; research and development of new textile fiber materials in the future, strengthen the dominant position of German textile fiber materials.

The German textile industry has a complete technological innovation system, more than 10 universities and research institutes related to textiles, and more than 2,000 R&D personnel. Universities and research institutions are committed to interdisciplinary, interdisciplinary, forward-looking research, new areas of development, such as "blue sky" (basic) research; government-funded projects. "Four Universities" - Helmholtz Association (HGF), Max Planck Society (MPG), Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Research Promotion (FhG), Leibniz Science Federation (WGL) The national research institutes represented are related to the sub-sector research institutes, whose research focuses on new fiber materials. Three world-renowned professional textile research institutions (Hainstein Institute, Dunkindorf National Textile Fiber Research Institute, Thuringian Textile and Plastics Research Institute (TITK)), focusing on forward-looking applied research, close cooperation with enterprises, and industry Ability.

3

Japanese textile technology research direction

Japan's high-tech fiber and high-end textile and garment technology have obvious leading advantages. Its high-performance fiber is almost the world's first. It has three high-performance fiber development and production of carbon fiber, para-aramid and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene. The core technology; also the research and development technology of important varieties such as polyarylate, PBO, ultra-high strength vinylon, and its equipment manufacturing, information and automation technology also provide strong support for the textile industry.

Large Japanese companies are the mainstay of industrial technology supply and industrialization. For example, large companies such as Toray and Teijin basically have a complete technological innovation chain from fiber to textile in addition to equipment. Toray has production and R&D from carbon fiber to composite products. The company has established R&D centers and research institutes of different natures. For example, Dongli, Teijin and other companies have established research institutes overseas to apply basic research. Japanese universities will provide technical services for enterprises and jointly carry out project research and development and technical consulting services.

From the development of new fiber materials in these developed countries, seven key words can be summarized:

The first is the industrial chain and production and research. Even if the carbon fiber is well done, there is no composite material, no parts are definitely not good, there is no doubt.

The second is big companies and big companies. There are some exceptions in China today. Although large companies are involved in this aspect, in general, the enthusiasm of large enterprises is not high.

The third is national strategy and forward-looking research.

The fourth is interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary. Fiber new materials are not only used in the traditional textile and home textile fields, but have also spanned the entire national economy.

The fifth is big data and smart manufacturing .

Sixth is the military background, the army turns to the people, and the people turn to the army.

Seven is new features and new applications.

China's fiber new material industry technology and core competitiveness construction

Development status of new fiber materials in China

In the "Guidelines for the Development of the " 13th Five-Year Plan for Chemical Fiber Industry" jointly issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the National Development and Reform Commission at the end of 2016, we will position the development status of China's "fiber materials" industry from three aspects: First, the overall textile industry In 2016, China's chemical fiber production reached 49.43 million tons, accounting for 70% of the world's total chemical fiber. Chemical fiber accounts for 84% of China's total textile fiber processing. It is undoubtedly a pillar industry. The second is an industry with international competitive advantages. Third, it is an important part of strategic emerging industries. Chemical fiber is no longer only used in traditional textile and clothing. It is actually related to defense, military, transportation, energy, medical and health.

Measuring the development level of a country's fiber materials usually focuses on the following aspects: First, the development of bulk basic raw materials, namely functional textile new materials; second, the development of bio-based chemical fibers and raw material core technologies; Breakthrough in performance fiber industrialization technology; Fourth, research on cutting-edge technology of fiber materials.

1. The overall technical progress of functional textile new materials is remarkable

At present, China's functional fiber materials have reached the international advanced level, and the global leader is not overdone. Its main feature is the multi-functionality and high performance of conventional fibers. It has the functions of flame retardant, antibacterial and antistatic, such as silicon-nitrogen flame retardant viscose staple fiber, polyacrylonitrile preoxidized fiber, flame retardant polyester , flame retardant nylon , conductive polyester / polyamide composite fiber and conductive meta-aramid. Fiber, copper carbon nano-polyamide 6 ecological antibacterial fiber, polylactic acid ecological antibacterial fiber, ultra-fine denier porous recycled polyester ecological antibacterial fiber, shaped polyamide 6 ecological antibacterial fiber, etc., mainly used in special military uniforms and fire service , aircraft and high-speed rail interior materials, high-grade textiles, medical materials and other fields.

2. New progress in bio-based chemical fiber and raw material core technology

Major breakthroughs in key technologies: breakthrough in key technologies for bio-fermentation and separation and purification of bio-based fiber raw materials, high-deacetylation of chitosan, alginate, and mass production and green production of bamboo and hemp pulp; Major breakthroughs in the key original technologies of spinning, finishing and industrialization of cellulose fibers, new solvent-based cellulose fibers, alginate fibers and bio-based polyamide fibers.

The initial industrial scale: the total production capacity of bio-based chemical fiber reached 350,000 tons/year, including 196,500 tons of bio-based recycled fiber, 150,000 tons of bio-based synthetic fiber, and 0.35 million tons of marine bio-based fiber.

The initial establishment of the standard system: a breakthrough in the construction of the bio-based chemical fiber standard system. By 2017, a total of 21 implementation standards were issued, including 13 industry standards and 8 chemical fiber association group standards.

The application field has been further expanded: from clothing, home textiles, sanitary materials and other fields to aerospace, military, transportation, industrial, medical dressing and other fields.

3. Key strategic fiber new materials

At present, all kinds of high-performance fiber in China, including carbon fiber, are developing steadily, and the variety is complete, and the scale of production capacity has been among the highest in the world. Carbon fiber, meta-aramid, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber and continuous basalt fiber development foundation strengthening; meta-aramid, continuous basalt fiber, polyimide fiber industry development process accelerated; polyaryl ether ketone The research and development of fiber and silicon carbide fiber has increased. The production technology of carbon fiber, polyimide fiber, high-performance polyethylene fiber, high modulus aramid fiber and polytetrafluoroethylene fiber has made remarkable progress; the high-level research and development system of carbon fiber, aramid fiber and basalt fiber has taken initial shape.

Domestic high-performance fibers have begun to meet the needs of national defense military, and have been widely used in civil aviation, transportation energy, engineering machinery equipment, building structures and marine engineering. On the whole, we have gaps with foreign countries in some aspects of bio-based fibers and high-performance fibers, but the overall level has reached advanced levels.

4. Frontier fiber new materials

China's cutting-edge fiber new material varieties are gradually expanding. At present, intelligent bionic fiber represented by phase change energy storage viscose intelligent fiber, photochromic regenerated cellulose fiber, thermal storage polyacrylonitrile functional warm fiber and hollow fiber for simulating human organs are used. Gradually start; electrospun nanofibers, nano-modified polyphenylene sulfide fibers, bio-nanofibers and carbon nanotubes have made breakthroughs in theoretical research and application, with graphene-modified polyester fibers and graphene-regenerated cellulose fibers. The graphene material represented by the graphene-modified polyamide 6 fiber material is expanding in the field of fiber application.

In general, China has become the country with the widest coverage of high-tech fiber (including bio-based chemical fiber); high-performance fiber production capacity and potential consumption are the world's number one; some high-tech fiber production and application technologies have reached international leading level. Partially meet the needs of national defense military and aerospace (the description during the 12th Five-Year Plan period can meet the urgent needs of national defense military and aerospace); the multi-functional, high-performance and low-cost conventional fibers are in the leading national sequence. This is a result, of course, there are problems, which can be summarized as follows: lack of or no high-level research and development institutions; market application and development can not keep up; technical barriers, such as large aircraft, aerospace new fiber materials, have Alliances or similar official institutions have to certify each component. In recent years, China has developed new materials such as large aircraft and carbon fiber. It is very difficult to pass the certification. This is also a problem encountered in our development.

Innovative development of China's fiber new material industry

At present, the innovation and development of China's fiber new materials industry is mainly reflected in three aspects: the development of functional fiber materials and quality, the industrialization of bio-based chemical fibers, the industrialization of high-performance fibers and the development of product serialization. In the future, China's fiber new materials industry still needs to break through and make smart manufacturing through the “3+1” major technology (new solvent method cellulose fiber, bio-based synthetic fiber, high-performance fiber high-end production and application and nylon melt direct spinning technology). Green manufacturing, branding and quality improvement continue to be the focus.

1. Functional fiber material development and quality improvement

(1) Development of large-capacity polymer spinning equipment

Develop energy-efficient high-capacity polyester polymerization and melt direct spinning equipment and process technology, break through the nylon ring blowing technology, improve the level of large-capacity nylon equipment, and further reduce the production cost of conventional fibers. The use of modular technology to achieve differentiated, functional fiber scale production.

(2) Development of new fiber varieties

Develop a new generation of copolymerization, blending, multi-component, multi-component online addition technology to achieve large-scale production of differential dyes such as deep dyeing, ultra-fine denier, anti-pilling and antistatic. Develop new hollow fiber membranes and preparation and application technologies of functional fibers such as flame retardant, anti-droplet, anti-UV, chemical and antibacterial, and further increase the proportion of chemical fiber products used in industrial and home textiles.

(3) Flexible manufacturing technology

We will build an innovative platform for chemical fiber efficient and flexible manufacturing technology, improve the development capability of engineering technology and products, enhance the level of independent innovation of key core technologies, and systematically solve technical bottlenecks in industrial development.

2. Bio-based chemical fiber industrialization

In order to realize industrial production, bio-based chemical fiber needs to break through the manufacturing of key equipment for bio-based chemical fiber; overcome the bottleneck of bio-based chemical fiber and raw material industrialization technology, realize large-scale production of bio-based chemical fiber; focus on expanding clothing, home textiles and industry Use of textiles and other applications.

Bio-based recycled fiber needs to break through the technological bottleneck of key equipment manufacturing of solvent cellulose fiber (Lyocell) and independent innovation technologies such as high-efficiency and low-energy solvent recovery to achieve large-scale production; broaden the source of raw materials and build a demonstration production line.

Bio-based synthetic fibers need to break through the industrial preparation technology of bio-based synthetic fiber raw materials, focus on the development of bio-based fiber raw materials for non-food resources, and enhance the polymerization and spinning of polylactic acid, polytrimethylene terephthalate and bio-based polyamides. And dyeing and finishing industrialization technology level.

Marine bio-based fibers should develop domestic marine bio-based fiber raw materials such as shrimp (crab) shells and seaweed, and establish a raw material base for seaweed fiber; further increase single-line production capacity, reduce production costs, and expand application fields.

3. High-performance fiber industrialization and serialization

High-performance fiber industrialization and serial production still need to further improve and break through the key production and application technologies of high-performance fiber key varieties, further improve the stability of fiber performance indicators, and expand its aerospace equipment, marine engineering, advanced rail transit, Applications in areas such as new energy vehicles and electricity.

This requires high-performance fiber to achieve stable, low-cost production, the focus is to expand single-line capacity, optimize the control process, to achieve T300 and T700 grade carbon fiber, aramid 1313, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, polyphenylene sulfide fiber, Batch and low-cost production of high-performance fibers such as continuous basalt fiber, strengthen the formulation and implementation of product quality standards, comprehensively improve the stability of product quality, and further enhance the market competitiveness of products.

High-performance fiber should achieve series production, and it is impossible to pack one or two specifications and varieties. It is necessary to increase production of high-performance fiber such as carbon fiber, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber and PTFE fiber. To meet the needs of downstream users; to break through the high-strength model carbon fiber, continuous silicon carbide fiber, silicon boron boron fiber, polyaryl ether ketone fiber and other new high-performance fiber preparation and industrialization of key technologies.

At the same time, we must strengthen the construction of high-performance fiber innovation system. Study foreign countries, European and American countries, strengthen the development of high-performance fiber and composite materials research and application and public service platform, provide technical support for the industry and cultivate high-quality technical talents .

In addition, we must continue to focus on smart manufacturing and big data, and improve information technology. From the spring research organized by the China National Textile and Apparel Council this year, we found that smart manufacturing is developing rapidly in our industry and is very grounded, showing different characteristics in different links of the industrial chain. For example, in cotton spinning, its main direction is unattended night shift; in printing and dyeing, it is automatic color separation and color matching to achieve continuous production; intelligent manufacturing in clothing is more personalized customization; in chemical fiber is automatic drop Automatic packaging to the three-dimensional warehouse can save more than 50% of personnel, the investment return period of the production line is less than 5 years, and there are unexpected gains. With this intelligent warehouse, it is more convenient to make small batches of products and sales. The previously produced products can be transferred from the warehouse; after the contact between the people and the products, the quality of the products is generally stable; we use the face recognition technology to detect the appearance of the fibers, and constantly let the machine learn, the accuracy rate from one The initial 95% reached 99%. The company now envisages the collection of process data at various points in the production process, and later achieves large-scale customization in the chemical fiber industry. This requires an increase in the “processing power” of the data, and “processing” to “add value” of the data, which involves big data, which is a collection of data that cannot be captured, managed, and processed by conventional software tools within a certain time frame. It is a massive, high-growth and diversified information asset that requires a new processing model to have greater decision-making, insight and process optimization capabilities. Through continuous innovation in the industry, big data will gradually create more value.

In short, the intelligent production of chemical fiber represented by digital fiber production technology, industrial chain intelligent production traceability system, chemical fiber production intelligent logistics system, intelligent demonstration factory and intelligent workshop breakthrough project is the result of innovation and consolidation of chemical fiber new material industry. Big data and smart manufacturing can bring disruptive changes to the industry, which means that someone is going to go out, someone may be here suddenly, and there may be competition between people and machines. No matter what, technology is our future, and the development of science and technology is irreversible. We only have good application of technology and technology, and our chemical fiber new materials industry can usher in a better tomorrow.