In September 1956, at the 8th Party Congress, Premier Zhou Enlai made a report on the development of the second five-year plan for national economy. In his report, he pointed out: Taking into account the gradual increase of people's consumption level in the second five-year plan, the production capacity of some light industrial products will be insufficient and it is necessary to appropriately increase the proportion of light industry investment. At the 8th Conference, Qian Zhiguang made a speech on the basic concept and deployment of the textile industry in the "2 5" plan. The guidelines and specific plans put forth by the 8th CPC National Congress are in line with the actual conditions prevailing at that time, but the political and economic situations in our country have undergone great changes afterwards. After the victory of the "1 May Plan" is completed, everything from the central authorities to local governments and cadres to the masses requires further speeding up the pace of economic development and faster and more improvement of people's material and cultural life. Therefore, the "leftist" mistakes appeared in the guidelines. Many industries have "put satellites," high targets and blind commands. They are out of touch with reality. The idea of ​​getting eager for success has gained the upper hand and production has lost control over time. Under the impact of the "Leftist" ideological trend, Qian Guang always persists in proceeding from the actual situation, does not "follow the trend" or "put satellites", and patiently convinces some obviously unscientific behaviors And discouraged to maintain a more smooth development of the textile industry. In the wave of the "Great Leap Forward", although there was no "release of satellites" in the textile industry, the one-sided pursuit of high-speed, high-index and continuous increase of production targets appeared. First, do not consider the objective conditions, blindly increase production. In 1957, the output of cotton yarn in the country was 4.65 million pieces, increasing to 49.55 million pieces in 1958, up by 49%; in 1959 it increased to 843,000 pieces, an increase of 21%. The rate of increase in the processing industry is much higher than the increase in cotton output. As a result, not only the raw cotton that has been increased in that year has been used up, but also the working cotton needed for normal production has also been exhausted. In 1960, the output of cotton yarn dropped to 6.02 million and in 1961 it dropped to 3.68 million. An important reason for the ups and downs of gauze production is the improper estimation of cotton production. This was a bumper year in 1958, and cotton output could increase by 20% over the previous year. However, under the influence of flamboyant winds at that time, some people were feverish and thought that the output of cotton in that year could reach 140 million, an increase of more than three times that of 1957 , "Cotton can not be used up." Shortly after that, the supply of cotton fell short of expectations. As a result, cotton production was again compressed, from 140 million to 40 million. Money Light has always had a sober mind on this issue, thinking that it is impossible for cotton production to surpass 40 million, thus leaving room for the textile production arrangement. Although it was hard to stop this "leftist" big wave at the time, it was as far as possible mitigating losses in the textile system. Second, high-speed operation of the machine. This is a question that the textile industry has the most heated debate, the longest period of time and the largest impact in the Great Leap Forward. In the early 1950s, Qian Zhiguang followed the advice of Vice-Minister Chen Weiji and put forward the goal of producing one yarn per one year of cotton spinning spindles, which played an active role in tapping the potential of production. Money Light and the Ministry of Party group on the speed of the machine's view is clear: a reasonable increase in the speed of the machine is possible, but not monotonous, unrestrained increase. From the reality, consider the technical possibilities, economic rationality and production needs. However, under the situation of "Great Leap Forward," some regions and enterprises took a "high-speed" storm. There was an argument at that time that the soul of the general line of socialist construction was a high speed and that the textile industry needed to speed up the operation of the machine or otherwise violated the spirit of the general line. Under the influence of this idea, many units blindly speed up the machine speed spinning spindles spindle speed to 15000 ~ 18000 rpm per minute, the consequences of raw materials, electricity consumption increased sharply, serious wear and tear equipment, workers greatly increased labor intensity , But the production efficiency has seriously declined. In order to correct this practice, Qian Guang and the ministry have done a great deal of work. In April 1958, the Ministry of Textile Industry held a national cotton textile industry conference in Qingdao. The central issue was to discuss how to implement the principle of making the province more efficient and more economical. The meeting was chaired by Vice Minister Zhang Shuqiu, deputy party secretary. The debate in the meeting was very fierce. Representatives from some regions went so far as to advocate the idea of ​​"speeding up." Some sober-minded delegates emphasized how fast and well they should be fully grasped and can not be over-ridden. Zhang Qinqiu called to report to the Ministry Party group. Money Light said adhere to the views of the ministry of the party unchanged, not open. He sent the textile design institute Yu Yu-ting with a summary of the meeting to the ministry leadership attitude. In this way, a major dispute gradually calmed down, but the problem was not completely solved. In the same year in October, the Ministry of Textile Industry held a meeting in Shanghai again, proposing high speed and high output must be achieved under the premise of high technology and high quality. From October 27 to November 6, a meeting of chief directors of the National Textile Industry Office was held in Beijing to set forth the policy of "Four Highs and Four Provinces" ("Four Highs and Four Provinces") (Four Highs means High Speed, High Output, High Quality, High Technology, Electricity, provincial raw materials, provincial labor, provincial financial resources). In July 1959, the Ministry of Textile Industry convened again the national textile industry in Xi'an to improve the product quality and strengthen the enterprise management conference. Once again, the focus was on the issue of vehicle speed, and the requirements were to improve the quality of products and strengthen the management of enterprises in an all-round way. Seeking fast, good in the province. In order to better correct the tendency of "speeding up", Qian Guangguang also mobilized relevant newspapers and periodicals to step up positive publicity and reports and established a correct concept of scientific production development among leaders and vast numbers of engineers, technicians and staff and workers. On November 15, 1958, an editorial titled "Doing a Good Job of Raising Speed" was published in China Textile Magazine, a journal of the Ministry of Textile Industry. April 17, 1959, People's Daily published an editorial titled "What is the current development of the textile industry?" Through this series of work, combined with changes in the political and economic conditions, the speed of this controversy gradually subsided.
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